http://www.whiteenergyco.com/ en-US Copyright 2008 Sat, 06 Sep 2008 06:37:12 +1000 http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/ http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss American Representative Office Suite 500 2275 Research Blvd. Rockville, MD 20850 Telephone: +1 (301) 840-3844 Facsimile: +1 (301) 840-3870 Email: info@whitecoal.com Technical Enquiries Keith Clark Director of Technology Telephone: +61 2 9959 0000 Facsimile: +61 2 9959 0099 Email: kclark@whiteenergyco.com]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/corporate-directory-usa.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/corporate-directory-usa.php Contact Sat, 06 Sep 2008 06:37:12 +1000 Jakarta, Indonesia Representative Office Plaza Marein 10th Floor Sudirman Plaza Jl Jend Sudirman Kav 76-78 Setiabudi Jakarta Selatan 12920 Telephone: +6221 5793 5902 Facsimile: + 6221 5793 5904 Email: dmckay@cbn.net.id Technical Enquiries Keith Clark Director of Technology Telephone: +61 2 9959 0000 Facsimile: +61 2 9959 0099 Email: kclark@whiteenergyco.com]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/corporate-directory-indonesia.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/corporate-directory-indonesia.php Contact Sat, 06 Sep 2008 06:37:09 +1000 Shanghai, China Representative Office Room 1040 Central Plaza 381 Huai Hai Road(M) Shanghai 200020 Joyce Zhou Chief Representative P. R. China Telephone: 86-21-6391 6116 Facsimile: 86-21-6391 5808 Email: jzhou@whiteenergyco.com Technical Enquiries Keith Clark Director of Technology Telephone: +61 2 9959 0000 Facsimile: +61 2 9959 0099 Email: kclark@whiteenergyco.com]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/corporate-directory-china.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/corporate-directory-china.php Contact Sat, 06 Sep 2008 06:37:08 +1000 ]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/world-coal-market-outlook/forward-coal-prices.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/world-coal-market-outlook/forward-coal-prices.php The World Coal Market Outlook Thu, 26 Jun 2008 10:10:56 +1000 ]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/world-coal-market-outlook/historical-prices.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/world-coal-market-outlook/historical-prices.php The World Coal Market Outlook Wed, 04 Jun 2008 03:29:27 +1000 On a per capita basis, China and India emit far less greenhouse gas than energy efficient Japan or environmentally scrupulous Sweden. However, 2.4 billion people live in China and India, a great many of whom aspire to Western energy intensive lifestyles. And thanks to the breakneck consumptive growth of the two countries’ economies, they just might get there – with potentially disastrous results for the world’s climate. Rapidly developing countries with ample coal resources are building new power plants all the time. China has planned to build 168 traditional coal plants between 2006 and 2008, each with economic life spans of 50 years or more (Harvard Magazine, 2006). Some experts report that China is building the equivalent of two 500 megawatt coal fired power plants per week and a capacity comparable to the entire United Kingdom power grid each year. Each plant produces 3 million tons of CO2 per year. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007) The International Energy Agency believes the increase in greenhouse gas emissions from 2000 to 2030 in China will nearly equal the increase from the entire industrialized world. Some recent estimates now put China’s current emissions beyond those of the USA for the first time (Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, 2007). India, though behind its Asian neighbor, could see greenhouse gas emissions rise 70% by 2025, according to the World Resources Institute. But the nearly double-digit growth rates that are responsible for those nightmare projections also present an environmental opportunity. Long-term, this means building coal plants using zero emission advanced technologies, and short-term, not building more dirty coal plants. “Anything you want to do about clean energy is easier to do from the outset,” says David Moskowitz, an energy consultant who has advised Chinese officials. “Every time they add a power plant or factory, they can add one cleaner and better than before.” If China and India can muster the will and resources to leapfrog the West’s energy-heavy development path, dangerous greenhouse gas emissions and the effect on climate change can be minimized. “China and India have to demonstrate to other countries that it is possible to develop in a sustainable way,” says Yang Fuqiang, vice president of the Energy Foundation in Beijing. “We can’t fail.” Acting soon to ensure that the right kind of coal plants are built now is critical. The Kyoto accord on climate change has done nothing to slow emissions growth in China and India. As developing countries, they are not required to make cuts in carbon emissions – and that is not likely to change after the agreement expires in 2012. Both countries are desperate for energy to fuel the economic expansion that is saving people from poverty. Despite bold investments in renewables, much of that energy will have to come from coal – the only traditional energy source they have in abundance. Barbara Finamore, director of the Natural Resources Defense Council’s China Clean Energy Program, estimates that China’s total electricity demand will increase 2,600 gigawatts by 2050, which is the equivalent of adding four 300-megawatt power plants every week for the next 45 years. India’s energy consumption rose 208% from 1980 to 2001, even faster than China’s. Changing World Attitudes International diplomacy on climate change has a heightened sense of urgency and activity. The Kyoto Protocol was signed by 163 countries in 2005. The subsequent meeting in Montreal, Canada launched fresh global action on a number of different levels, including the adoption of the rulebook setting the framework for trading and potential future action by developing countries. To date the Protocol has created US$2.7 billion of greenhouse friendly investment in the developing world, especially China, Brazil and Mexico. Over 750 projects are underway, and the forecast investment by 2012 in developing countries is US$100 billion. ]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/world-coal-market-outlook/the-impact-of-asias-giants-1.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/world-coal-market-outlook/the-impact-of-asias-giants-1.php The World Coal Market Outlook Fri, 19 Oct 2007 06:18:21 +1000 The process developed into a commercially viable process capable of producing low moisture, physically and chemically stable briquettes from sub-bituminous coal at large scale and with attractive economics. The process was also developed and demonstrated for a wide range of bituminous coals ranging in rank up to anthracites. Superficially the White Coal Technology process that was finally developed looks like a simple combination of drying and briquetting but it incorporates key features which enable it to produce dense, stable briquettes where the individual coal grains have been bonded to each other and formed into intimate contact. The fact that the process appears quite simple (and as a result inexpensive) belies the fact that it has many years of development and substantial intellectual property integrated into many subtle aspects of it. The figure below shows photomicrographs of the structure of a White Coal Technology briquette and the coal particles from which it was formed. It can be seen that the coal particles have formed intimate contact with each other and virtually all voidage has been eliminated. This is reflected in the briquette density of 1.33gm/cc for briquettes made from Collie sub-bituminous coal which had an original density of 1.30gm/cc. Approximately 10,000 tonne of briquettes were produced at the White Coal Technology development plant at Collie. Most of these have been produced from Collie coal but significant tonnages of both high rank bituminous coal and very low rank brown coal have also been processed. Although Powder River coals have not been available in sufficient tonnages to conduct trials on the Collie plant around one tonne of Powder River coal was subjected to the White Coal Technology process using the smaller 0.2 tonne per hour pilot plant at CSIRO’s laboratory in Sydney (later moved 160km North to Newcastle). These tests showed that the Powder River coals could be formed into low moisture briquettes with properties very similar to those produced from the Collie coal. Binderless Coal Briquetting Company Pty Ltd (BCBC) acquired the exclusive global rights to the underlying technology on 27th April 2005. BCBC is a subsidiary of White Energy Technology Limited which in turn is a fully owned subsidiary of White Energy Company Limited. White Energy Company Limited went on to undertake a back door listing into a public company vehicle in June 2006, with an associated name change (previous name Amerod Resources). Since acquiring the White Coal Technology, White Energy developed it further with innovations around plant design, improvement in processes, development of process models for dynamic simulation, finite element analysis of briquetting machine, design of unique coal dryer and product cooling system and development of plant control logic and software. The parent company White Energy Company Limited has demonstrated its ability to raise capital successfully on the public market. White Energy will continue to commercialize this technology and conduct further research and development around plant scale up and design. There will also be significant research and development activities in working with different types of coals and demonstrating to potential customers the end product result and costings. White Energy’s business objectives are to:

1. Market and commercially diffuse the White Coal Technology worldwide
2. Implement and carry out the following projects:

• build White Coal Technology plants
• sublicense White Coal Technology to plant owners and operators
• build own and operate plants
• manufacture White Coal Technology briquette product
• develop new markets and utilize the core skill set to develop new related products
• provide a financial return on R&D investment.

]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/history-of-the-white-coal-tech-1.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/history-of-the-white-coal-tech-1.php The White Coal Solution Fri, 19 Oct 2007 05:38:23 +1000

determine operational and maintenance costs and requirements for their particular coal;

enable production of large tonnage test samples for assessment of its large scale handling, transport and storage, and combustion behavior in commercial applications; and,

gain comfort that the White Coal Technology will be able to be applied successfully to their coal before committing substantial resources to purchasing a commercial plant.

The end product will be a demonstration plant that will be able to provide the engineering proof of the effectiveness of the White Coal Technology process. This will include:

• showing that the process successfully produces improved energy efficient briquettes that can be stockpiled without spontaneous combustion;
• demonstrating that the agglomerating machines can operate at the rate that all commercial predictions have been based;
• demonstrating that the agglomerating machines can have an acceptable operating life between maintenance shutdowns;
• demonstrating that the unique dryer design can be reliably scaled up from the pilot and development plants; and,
• providing data to enable keeping technical and commercial risks to an acceptable level in the first commercial scale White Coal Technology plant.

]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/white-coal-technology-demonstr.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/white-coal-technology-demonstr.php The White Coal Solution Fri, 19 Oct 2007 05:23:39 +1000 The underlying terms of White Energy’s first commercial joint venture with PT Bayan Resources were significantly improved. The parties agreed to increase the size and scope of the project from an annual output of 3 million tonne of upgraded coal to 5 million tonne and Bayan’s annual off take obligation of upgraded coal was increased from 500,000 tonne to 1.5 million tonne. The five year commitment equates to an annual off take obligation on Bayan of approximately US$ 215 million (after allowing for the rolling commissioning of each 1 million tonne module over the period). Implementation work on the plant commenced and significant progress made in a number of areas. The Bayan Resources Group is the eighth largest coal miner in Indonesia. Bayan through its affiliates has the right to mine and operate various coal mines in east Kalimantan. Bayan and White Energy intend to exploit the CSIRO developed patented briquetting process which White’s has licensed exclusively on a worldwide basis utilizing coal from Bayan’s deposits. The Company entered into its second major joint venture transaction with the Adaro Group, one of Indonesia’s largest coal companies, and Itochu Corporation (Itochu), a major Japanese trading house. Under the joint venture agreement, the Company will design, build and operate coal upgrading plants at Adaro’s coal mines in East Kalimantan. Financial and technical feasibility studies have nearly been completed with the aim to build a 1 million tonne per annum coal upgrading plant with the intention to increase that output to 8 million tonne per annum. White Energy is also looking at opportunities with Datang International Power Company Ltd, one of China’s largest utility companies, to build coal upgrading plants at its sub-bituminous coal mine in Inner Mongolia, China. The proposed joint venture to build a 1 million tonne per annum plant with a 10 million tonne per annum scale up intention is currently in the feasibility stage. BHP Billiton agreed to provide a US$35 million, 7 year unsecured convertible funding facility to accelerate our coal upgrading technology roll-out. As part of the agreement BHP Billiton will act as White Energy’s exclusive global marketing agent for its upgraded export coal product and work together to apply our technology to certain of its sub-bituminous coal deposits. The agreement is a win from both a development perspective and also in having access to their expertise and global reach in the marketing of our upgraded coal. White Energy is now actively targeting potential partnering opportunities in the US market where substantial deposits of sub-bituminous coal exist and tremendous opportunities to deploy the White Coal Technology. Major users are US power utilities who have switched from local bituminous coals to avoid the need for costly flue gas desulphurization plants. White Energy has tested coal from four mines located in the Powder River Basin with excellent results. The Company has also initiated a Level 1 American Depositary Receipt (ADR) Program through the Bank of New York to meet the growing demand and interest from US investors in the Company. This initiative forms part of White Energy’s strategy to provide increased international liquidity and expand its investor base in the US market. http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/white-energys-business-develop-1.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/white-energys-business-develop-1.php The White Coal Solution Fri, 19 Oct 2007 05:17:36 +1000 ]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/information-request.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/contact/information-request.php Contact Tue, 16 Oct 2007 03:41:20 +1000 As the coal technology lifecycle evolves and coal becomes increasingly cleaner, the White Coal Technology will facilitate efficiency improvements, advanced technologies and the drive to zero emissions. ]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/technology-lifecycle.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/technology-lifecycle.php The White Coal Solution Tue, 16 Oct 2007 03:29:51 +1000

Indonesia – The sub-bituminous coal deposits of Kalimantan are seen as a key area of growth in meeting the shortages of the world supply of thermal coals for the China and India marketplaces.

China – China is the largest coal producer in the world. China is predicting its energy sector will grow by 15% per annum with the majority of this being coal based.

USA – The Powder River Basin area is currently the largest sub-bituminous coal-producing region in the world.

• The potential target market for White Energy is 465.4 billion tonnes of proven sub-bituminous and brown coal reserves worldwide.
• Annual production of brown coal alone is 1.2 billion tonnes.
• White Energy’s initial target market of Indonesia, China and India accounts for 13.4% of worldwide low grade coal reserves.
• The medium term target market for White Energy is the USA which has 268 billion tonnes of recoverable coal is the world’s largest producer of low rank coal in the world with annual production in excess of 350 M tonnes.

Further Information:

• Business Development Activities of White Energy

]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/white-energys-business-develop.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/white-energys-business-develop.php The White Coal Solution Tue, 16 Oct 2007 03:29:32 +1000 An Evolutionary Process The White Coal Technology is an evolutionary process that speeds the maturation of lower grade coals. The upgrading technology removes coal moisture and improves heat content and quality to higher energy levels characteristic of valuable bituminous coals. The White Coal Technology is a relatively simple process. Its main components have been proven in several industrial applications. Independent tests conducted by both expert engineers and coal producers have shown the process to be cost and operationally superior to competing technologies. The process involves the crushing and drying of low value coals resulting in removal of the coal water content. Compaction then generates close bonding between the dried coal particles and eliminates nearly all voids. This forms a high density, higher energy content briquette with very low permeability—a key factor in providing stability against spontaneous combustion. The process can also be used as a means of producing stable and transportable lump coal from unwanted undersized fractions of high energy bituminous coals. Binderless briquettes are held together by the natural bonding mechanisms of coal; they do not require the binders that are normally used to briquette coal, which substantially reduces production costs. Reforming dried coal into larger lumps, or briquettes, has been attempted for over 100 years. Except in some niche markets, past briquetting processes have had limited commercial success in producing a sufficiently stable product. The problem has always been finding a binder relatively cheap enough to viably apply and produce coal that is easy to handle and with limited risk of spontaneous combustion. The White Coal Technology meets these requirements. What makes the White Coal Technology process different and more successful than past briquetting attempts is its ability to generate close bonding between the coal particles i.e. the application of the compaction force in such a way as to cause the particles to come into intimate contact and establish bonding between them. The White Coal Technology consists of two distinct sub-processes—drying and briquetting. The drying process provides coal with the correct characteristics as an input to the briquetting process. Hot drying gases are produced through separate combustion of a small proportion of the coal. The briquetting process is a purely mechanical procedure involving material distribution, compaction, cooling and storage. Very high compaction rates in the briquetter enable high production rates in an economically acceptable way. To date, over 20,000 tonne of coal have been upgraded in testing programs. A 90,000 tonne per annum White Coal Technology development plant was built in Australia and the process proven to operate successfully. Coal samples from China, the USA, Australia, Indonesia and South Africa have all been successfully upgraded. A fully featured demonstration plant will be operational by the end of 2007. The White Coal Technology plant design has been assessed by independent engineers Sinclair Knight Merz who have advised that no ‘in principal’ issues with scaling up the technology exist. Notably, capital plant costs are considerably less than alternative processes. The upgraded coal end product is the proof of the engineering approach to the technology at the last pre-commercial stage i.e.:

• that the agglomerating machines can operate at the rate at which all commercial predictions have been based;
• that the agglomerating machines can have an acceptable operating life, between maintenance shutdowns;
• that the unique dryer design can be reliably scaled-up from the pilot and development plants;
• to gather all the data required to keep technical and commercial risks to an acceptable level in the first commercial scale White Coal Technology plant.

The White Coal Technology has also been reviewed in a commercial context by a number of joint venture parties and the Commonwealth Government of Australia who have all demonstrated confidence in the process and its commercialization.]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/the-white-coal-technology-proc.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/the-white-coal-technology-proc.php The White Coal Solution Tue, 16 Oct 2007 03:29:15 +1000 White Coal Technology Benefits White Energy offers a solution to upgrading low energy and grade black or brown coals so that they can be upgraded in quality, transported efficiently and safely (without combusting) and so that they create less damage to the environment. The White Coal Technology process upgrades low value coals by reducing the moisture and agglomerating undersize coal into physically and chemically stable briquettes that can be handled, transported and utilized like normal coal. This process is potentially suited to a wide range of coals and the processes developed have a low commercial cost, thereby giving a competitive advantage. The benefits are displayed in the below graphic: Commercially, the key advantage of the White Coal Technology is that a potentially large number of low quality, high moisture coal deposits worldwide become economically viable. Coal-fired power stations and industrial applications everywhere now have an opportunity to burn a cleaner and more efficient fuel. Benefits to these operators include:

• increased operating profit by reducing operating costs;
• higher capacity factors;
• increased life expectancy of assets;
• increased environmental performance (including carbon credits); and,
• reduced capital expenditures on future plants.

Globally the Right Product at the Right Time

• Strong coal market outlook.
• Increasing demand for dependable energy sources.
• High thermal value coal reserves and production are declining.
• Declining reserves and production of emission compliant coal.
• Increasing emphasis on tightening emission (CO2, SOx, NOx, Hg) and environmental standards.
• Capture value spread (thermal energy, transport costs and environmental benefits).
• Reduces power utilities need to retrofit / install post combustion emissions control equipment.

The White Coal Technology process will produce an upgraded coal from low energy sub-bituminous, lignite and brown coals. The White Coal Technology product has an energy content of 50% to 100% higher than the raw coal from which it is derived, but is otherwise chemically unchanged from the parent coal. The product is in a form that can be handled, stored and transported as conveniently and safely as normal bituminous coal.]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/benefits-of-the-white-coal-tec.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/benefits-of-the-white-coal-tec.php The White Coal Solution Tue, 16 Oct 2007 03:28:57 +1000

History of the White Coal Technology

White Coal Technology Demonstration Plant

]]> http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/history-of-the-white-coal-tech.php http://www.whiteenergyco.com/white-coal-solution/history-of-the-white-coal-tech.php The White Coal Solution Tue, 16 Oct 2007 03:28:37 +1000